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Indian Administrative Service
The Indian Administrative Service (abbreviated as IAS) ((ヒンディー語:भारतीय प्रशासनिक सेवा)) is the premier〔http://persmin.gov.in/ais1/Docs/ServiceProfile.pdf〕 administrative civil service of the Government of India. IAS officers hold key and strategic positions in the Union Government, States〔 and public-sector undertakings.〔 Like in various countries (example UK) following Parliamentary system, IAS as the permanent bureaucracy in India forms an inseparable part of the executive branch of the Government of India thus providing continuity and neutrality to the administration. Unlike Candidates selected to other civil services, a person once appointed to Indian Administrative Service or Indian Foreign Service (IFS) becomes ineligible to reappear in Civil Services Examination conducted by Union Public Service Commission because there are no higher civil services other than aforementioned two services under Government of India.〔http://upsc.gov.in/exams/notifications/2014/csp/CSP%202014%20English.pdf〕
Along with the IPS and forest services, the IAS is one of the three All India Services—its cadre can be employed by both - the Union Government and the States.〔 Upon confirming to service after probation as Sub-Divisional Magistrate, an IAS officer is given administrative command of entire district as District collector. On attaining the upper levels of Super Time Scale to Apex Scale, they can go on to head whole departments and subsequently entire Ministries of Government of India and States. IAS officers represent Government of India at the international level in bilateral and multilateral negotiations. On deputations〔http://ifs.nic.in/deputation/con-depu%20guide.pdf〕 they work at Intergovernmental organizations like World Bank〔http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/banking/subhash-chandra-garg-appointed-as-world-bank-ed/article6397704.ece〕 and United Nations or its Agencies.〔 IAS officers at various levels of administration play vital roles in conducting free, fair and smooth elections in India under the direction of Election Commission of India and states.〔http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/ECI_Instructions/ins291209.pdf〕
==History==
The erstwhile Indian Civil Service was higher civil service of the British Empire in British India during British rule in the period between 1858 and 1947. The civil services were divided into two categories - covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service consisted of only white British civil servants occupying the higher posts in the government. The uncovenanted civil service was solely introduced to facilitate the entry of Indians at the lower rung of the administration.〔Meghna Sabharwal, Evan M. Berman "Public Administration in South Asia: India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan (Public Administration and Public Policy," (2013)〕
At the time of the partition of India and departure of the British, in 1947, the Indian Civil Service was divided between the new Dominions of India and Pakistan. The part which went to India was named the Indian Administrative Service, while the part that went to Pakistan was named the "Civil Service of Pakistan".
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